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Assessing the Health and Welfare of the HCBS Population

Table 15B: Outcome Indicators by State Demographics

Table 15: Outcome Indicators by County and State Demographics, 2005a

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HCBS Subpopulation Outcome Indicator Percent
Age 65+		 Percent
Age 85+
>Median ≤M±ð»å¾±²¹²Ô >Median ≤M±ð»å¾±²¹²Ô
National HCBS Population Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 319 265 286 291
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 4,738 3,184 4,525 3,218
Congestive Heart Failure 5,674 4,707 5,505 4,764
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 8,714 7,498 8,325 7,742
    Bacterial Pneumonia 5,479 4,500 5,258 4,607
    Urinary Tract Infection 3,235 2,998 3,068 3,136
Infection Due to Device or Implant 747 763 776 737
Dehydration 2,104 1,746 2,049 1,759
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 13,630 10,557 13,110 10,721
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 8,040 6,786 7,702 6,976
Composite: ACSC Overall 21,669 17,341 20,812 17,696
Pressure Ulcer 3,481 3,488 3,458 3,512
Injurious Falls 365 245 338 259
Dually Eligible HCBS Participants Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 254 213 235 227
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 4,951 3,384 4,723 3,455
Congestive Heart Failure 6,552 5,374 6,347 5,461
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 9,879 8,477 9,452 8,764
    Bacterial Pneumonia 6,170 5,054 5,941 5,170
    Urinary Tract Infection 3,710 3,424 3,511 3,594
Infection Due to Device or Implant 730 740 753 717
Dehydration 2,331 2,009 2,277 2,030
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 14,749 11,418 14,211 11,622
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 9,170 7,724 8,821 7,929
Composite: ACSC Overall 23,918 19,140 23,031 19,550
Pressure Ulcer 3,912 3,899 3,818 3,992
Injurious Falls 448 321 423 333
Medicaid-Only HCBS Participants Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 530 403 438 469
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 4,051 2,650 3,929 2,557
Congestive Heart Failure 2,847 2,923 2,970 2,820
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 4,963 4,880 4,936 4,893
    Bacterial Pneumonia 3,254 3,021 3,202 3,035
    Urinary Tract Infection 1,708 1,859 1,733 1,858
Infection Due to Device or Implant 802 826 844 792
Dehydration 1,374 1,042 1,363 1,004
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 10,028 8,253 9,798 8,205
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 4,402 4,279 4,338 4,320
Composite: ACSC Overall 14,429 12,531 14,135 12,525
Pressure Ulcer 2,094 2,388 2,373 2,172
Injurious Falls 99 43 81 51
I/DD Subpopulation Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 149 162 137 180
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 759 692 747 696
Congestive Heart Failure 662 649 632 688
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 4,415 4,421 4,415 4,422
    Bacterial Pneumonia 3,036 2,877 3,060 2,813
    Urinary Tract Infection 1,379 1,544 1,355 1,608
Infection Due to Device or Implant 271 341 275 349
Dehydration 700 698 691 711
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 2,119 2,068 2,064 2,135
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 3,398 3,382 3,385 3,397
Composite: ACSC Overall 5,517 5,450 5,449 5,532
Pressure Ulcer 1,283 1,527 1,280 1,578
Injurious Falls 91 53 84 57
SMI Subpopulation Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 533 477 463 568
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 5,588 4,348 5,366 4,438
Congestive Heart Failure 3,601 3,179 3,407 3,380
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 7,559 7,064 7,306 7,337
    Bacterial Pneumonia 4,986 4,404 4,861 4,477
    Urinary Tract Infection 2,573 2,660 2,445 2,860
Infection Due to Device or Implant 660 827 706 792
Dehydration 2,026 1,938 2,014 1,939
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 12,677 10,574 12,089 11,033
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 7,202 6,782 7,004 6,990
Composite: ACSC Overall 19,879 17,354 19,092 18,022
Pressure Ulcer 2,612 2,759 2,505 2,940
Injurious Falls 295 185 271 200
HCBS Population Ages 18-64 Without I/DD or SMI Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 726 571 591 658
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 6,510 3,946 6,150 3,888
Congestive Heart Failure 5,450 4,884 5,534 4,741
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 7,709 6,679 7,464 6,735
    Bacterial Pneumonia 4,508 3,739 4,369 3,747
    Urinary Tract Infection 3,200 2,939 3,095 2,988
Infection Due to Device or Implant 1,948 1,626 1,962 1,571
Dehydration 2,124 1,533 2,087 1,484
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 17,496 13,196 16,741 13,220
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 6,718 5,746 6,490 5,797
Composite: ACSC Overall 24,214 18,940 23,230 19,015
Pressure Ulcer 4,932 4,886 5,193 4,671
Injurious Falls 189 106 166 114
HCBS Population Age 65+ Short-Term Complications of Diabetes 178 101 173 101
Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 6,262 3,770 6,067 3,791
Congestive Heart Failure 9,440 6,849 9,365 6,761
Composite: Potentially Preventable Infection 12,791 9,916 12,323 10,149
    Bacterial Pneumonia 7,958 5,940 7,702 6,041
    Urinary Tract Infection 4,833 3,976 4,621 4,108
Infection Due to Device or Implant 554 483 564 471
Dehydration 3,064 2,398 3,033 2,386
Composite: ACSC Chronic Conditions 19,414 13,222 19,091 13,134
Composite: ACSC Acute Conditions 12,258 9,329 11,930 9,439
Composite: ACSC Overall 31,671 22,549 31,019 22,571
Pressure Ulcer 4,594 3,884 4,481 3,940
Injurious Falls 644 430 625 433
HCBS Subpopulation Percent
White		 Percent
African
American		 Percent
Hispanic
>Median ≤M±ð»å¾±²¹²Ô >Median ≤M±ð»å¾±²¹²Ô >Median ≤M±ð»å¾±²¹²Ô
National HCBS Population 277 292 338 208 263 352
4,777 3,553 4,530 2,787 3,435 4,947
5,520 4,998 6,048 3,644 4,705 6,201
9,684 7,465 9,068 6,350 7,139 10,277
6,125 4,520 5,403 4,160 4,449 6,139
3,559 2,946 3,665 2,189 2,690 4,138
879 714 854 597 687 929
2,161 1,814 2,301 1,257 1,699 2,415
13,089 11,498 13,982 8,535 10,915 14,392
8,855 6,816 8,275 5,813 6,555 9,302
21,943 18,313 22,255 14,348 17,469 23,692
3,640 3,432 4,202 2,323 3,072 4,524
347 281 322 257 252 414
Dually Eligible HCBS Participants 224 234 268 169 214 274
5,024 3,759 4,777 2,940 3,605 5,276
6,429 5,719 6,940 4,173 5,399 7,144
10,993 8,444 10,267 7,171 8,088 11,612
6,932 5,071 6,095 4,654 4,995 6,932
4,061 3,373 4,172 2,517 3,093 4,680
781 719 834 570 683 863
2,396 2,068 2,564 1,467 1,935 2,691
14,169 12,475 15,118 9,238 11,847 15,543
10,058 7,782 9,450 6,577 7,496 10,533
24,227 20,256 24,567 15,815 19,342 26,074
3,894 3,909 4,607 2,733 3,503 4,893
422 363 404 335 323 514
Medicaid-Only HCBS Participants 445 457 550 312 402 595
3,995 2,973 3,784 2,375 2,957 3,922
2,650 2,968 3,343 2,222 2,752 3,270
5,554 4,712 5,436 4,137 4,466 6,126
3,579 2,970 3,307 2,831 2,910 3,672
1,975 1,742 2,129 1,306 1,556 2,454
1,188 700 914 672 699 1,135
1,422 1,099 1,502 692 1,036 1,558
9,680 8,748 10,538 6,644 8,290 10,816
5,061 4,098 4,716 3,753 3,906 5,474
14,740 12,846 15,252 10,397 12,196 16,288
2,840 2,090 2,975 1,220 1,860 3,376
113 50 76 50 52 103
I/DD Subpopulation 132 168 175 118 155 155
736 720 798 588 729 720
624 673 730 516 630 701
4,578 4,332 4,799 3,698 4,244 4,728
3,123 2,868 3,154 2,584 2,899 3,061
1,455 1,464 1,644 1,114 1,345 1,667
315 301 323 274 282 349
715 691 795 518 645 795
1,968 2,161 2,322 1,662 2,091 2,098
3,482 3,341 3,670 2,860 3,267 3,610
5,450 5,502 5,992 4,522 5,358 5,708
1,290 1,465 1,599 1,035 1,292 1,604
86 65 82 55 60 94
SMI Subpopulation 465 524 571 378 481 560
5,810 4,627 5,426 4,123 4,602 5,834
3,577 3,317 3,762 2,677 3,130 3,982
8,797 6,672 7,834 6,306 6,569 8,970
5,802 4,224 4,914 4,290 4,284 5,628
2,996 2,448 2,919 2,016 2,285 3,341
944 652 765 695 642 958
2,134 1,917 2,235 1,488 1,848 2,281
12,403 11,331 12,831 9,347 10,939 13,239
8,321 6,420 7,454 6,102 6,363 8,397
20,724 17,749 20,284 15,449 17,300 21,635
3,043 2,526 2,921 2,216 2,320 3,483
282 224 256 214 202 329
HCBS Population Ages 18-64 Without I/DD or SMI 621 631 725 480 545 859
6,611 4,402 5,769 3,545 4,292 6,548
5,339 5,022 5,980 3,729 4,754 6,028
9,038 6,494 7,901 5,765 6,166 9,521
5,167 3,697 4,346 3,527 3,624 5,123
3,871 2,797 3,554 2,239 2,542 4,398
2,257 1,598 2,008 1,340 1,584 2,189
2,282 1,600 2,116 1,192 1,548 2,312
17,438 14,025 17,286 10,936 13,344 18,751
8,163 5,518 6,753 5,108 5,293 8,343
25,600 19,541 24,037 16,044 18,636 27,092
6,420 4,470 6,064 3,118 4,038 7,289
199 119 147 122 111 208
HCBS Population Age 65+ 158 128 171 78 123 169
6,918 4,267 5,897 3,245 4,107 7,021
10,365 7,299 9,723 5,298 6,923 11,047
15,411 9,972 13,055 8,272 9,547 15,910
9,762 5,989 7,727 5,416 5,887 9,537
5,649 3,983 5,327 2,856 3,659 6,374
629 482 605 376 452 699
3,414 2,482 3,368 1,648 2,305 3,807
20,452 14,621 19,424 10,525 13,939 21,654
14,543 9,493 12,425 7,807 9,136 14,893
34,993 24,113 31,847 18,331 23,074 36,543
4,477 4,110 5,213 2,638 3,698 5,646
685 477 579 435 425 808

Notes: 

ACSC = ambulatory care-sensitive condition; HCBS = home and community-based services; I/DD = intellectual and development disabilities; SMI = serious mental illness.

a. All outcome indicators expressed as potentially avoidable hospital stays per 100,000 persons in the HCBS population. HCBS population for outcome indicators excludes: individuals under age 18; people with only institutional use in a given quarter; people on managed care plans; and persons in the States of Arizona, Maine, Washington, and Wisconsin.

Dually eligible = dually eligible for Medicaid and Medicare. Eligibility for Medicare defined as inclusion in Medicare denominator file.

Medicaid only = part of Medicaid HCBS population but not enrolled in Medicare.

HCBS subpopulations of I/DD, SMI, Under 65 Without I/DD or SMI, and 65+ are defined as in the Appendix .

Median is defined as the value at which half of States are below and half of States are above.

Source for Outcome Indicators: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) data, and Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR) data.

Sources for column heading data are described in the Appendix .

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Publication:
11(12)-0017-EF

Page last reviewed February 2023
Page originally created December 2012

Internet Citation: Table 15B: Outcome Indicators by State Demographics. Content last reviewed February 2023. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD.
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